Criminal Law

Criminal law is one of the fundamental branches of law that defines acts considered crimes and the sanctions to be applied to these acts. In a narrow sense, it covers only crimes and punishments, while in a broader sense, it also encompasses the criminal procedure and execution process. The state's authority to punish, aimed at protecting social order and ensuring justice, is regulated within the scope of Criminal Law.

Historically, criminal law has evolved from arbitrary practices to universal, objective rules. In modern legal systems today, the definitions of crimes and their punishments can only be determined by law. At this point, the principle of "legality in crime and punishment" is one of the most fundamental constitutional guarantees.

Theories of Criminal Law

• Absolute Punishment Theory: The sole purpose of punishment is to give the offender what they deserve.
• Relative Punishment Theory: The purpose of punishment is deterrence and preventing re-offending.
• Reconciliatory Theory: Considers both punishment and prevention, as well as social reintegration functions together.

Over time, humane values such as respect for human dignity, remorse, and social reintegration have become prominent in the amounts of punishment, with more balanced sanctions replacing harsh penalties.

Fundamental Principles of Criminal Law

• Legality in crime and punishment
• Prohibition of retroactivity
• Prohibition of analogy
• Presumption of innocence

According to the presumption of innocence, a person is considered innocent until their guilt is proven by a final judgment. This principle is guaranteed both in our national legislation and in international treaties.

Serious Criminal Offenses and Legal Support

According to Law No. 5235, crimes falling under the jurisdiction of heavy penal courts include aggravated life sentences, life sentences, and offenses requiring imprisonment exceeding ten years. In such serious criminal processes, legal representation by experienced heavy penal lawyers is extremely important to prevent irreparable loss of rights.

Criminal law is a highly sensitive area for both individuals and society. Our office provides services with expert criminal lawyers based on the principles of fair and effective defense, aiming to guide clients consciously.